CYBER-ACTIVISM also known as digital
campaign, digital activism, online organizing, electronic advocacy, e campaigning,
e-activism and internet activism is the use of electronic communication
technologies such as social media, especially face book and Twitter, You Tube, Yahoo
mail, My space, Pod casts and others for various forms of activism to enable
faster communications by citizen movements and the delivery of local
information to a large audience. Internet technologies are used for cause related
fundraising, community building lobbying, and
organizing, political campaign, marketing, buying and selling.
Sandor
(2011) divides cyber activism into three main categories, they are;
I.
Awareness or advocacy
II.
Organization or mobilization
III.
Action or reaction.
The
concepts of organization/mobilization, for example, can refer to activities
taking place solely online, solely offline but organized online or a
combination of online and offline, the concept of awareness/advocacy entails,
distribute news, email message, reporting atrocity to the outside world,
emailing petition and asking people to pass them on e.g. The concept of
action/reaction encompass active participatory communication between groups,
gathering protest. Cyber activisms have considerable potential to reach and
engage opinion leaders who influence the thinking and behavior of others. The
internet is a key resource for independent activist or cyber activist,
particularly those whose message may run counter to the mainstream.
“Especially
when a serious violation of human rights occur, cyber activism is essential in
reporting the atrocity to the outside world”. Cyber activism in the words of
Kleinfeild (2011)
“Cyber activism connect all sides of
issues, not just an ideologically broad anti -war constituency, from the left
of an answer to the pressed for time ‘soccer moms’ who might prefer move
on, and conservative activism as well”. According to the institute for politics
Democracy and the internet, cyber activism, what they call “online political
citizens”
Cyber
activism is a major opportunity to improve exchange of information and ideas throughout
the world. The profound opportunities of participation in sphere of issues, programme
and events as there to recruit and communicate with more users’, cyber activism
provide technique to increase support for belief
causes, positively influence their desire public image, influence opinion
within groups and to push for policy change.
SOCIAL
NETWORKING MEDIA:
The term networking refers to a set
of communication links for connecting a collection of terminal, computers,
telephones, printers several other types of data communication and data
handling devices. The internet is a collection of global computer networking
linkage together with the same computer languages accessible through direct
link and online information services such as the “Social network Media”
Platforms
According to Kaplan (2010) social
networking media is “a group of internet based application that build on the
ideological and technological foundation of Web 2.0, and that allow the
creation and exchange of user generated content” In other word social network
media are social software which play role in human communication, exchange of
information and respectively create one on one interaction. In the year 2012,
social network media became one of the most
powerful sources for news updates through platforms like face book and Twitter.
It is evidently opened that when the techniques are in place, social network
media is ubiquitously accessible, and enabled by scalable communication
techniques.
By James Catherine
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